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My Answer: No. 4
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| H. W. SOLTAU |
| Randal Kulp seeks sources of biograpical infromation
|
To: Randal W. Kulp
SentinelKulpATjuno.com
Pennsburg, PA, USA
Tue, 16 Jul 2002
Dear Randy,
In regard to your inquiry:
- Pickering's 'Chief Men among the Brethren' has an unsatisfying biographical sketch of Henry William Soltau (1805-75).
- There are several references to him in Noel's 'The History of the Brethren', and
- Neatby's 'A History of the Plymouth Brethren'.
HWS seemed to be a prominent supporter of BWN in the early years at
Plymouth.
- Reportedly, he recanted Mr. Newton's errors, but appears to have gone with, and remained with, the 'open' party.
- There is no evidence, of which I am aware, that he was "in fellowship with Darby in later years", indeed quite otherwise.
I hope this is of some help to you.
In our Lord, Gordon.
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| SONSHIP OF CHRIST |
| Keith Saare seeks resources to further his studies into 'Incarnational Sonship'
|
To: Keith Saare
KSaareATcs.com
El Paso, TX, USA
Wed, 17 Jul 2002
Dear Keith,
Welcome to 'My Brethren' and thanks for your generous comments. Your interest in our Lord's Sonship is refreshing.
I'm not aware of anything positive online beyond those items on MB
and listed in the introduction to Doctrine: The Sonship of Christ.
- Of course there is no lack of articles advocating 'eternal Sonship'.
Even positive published materials are rare. Here are some reliable
publications.
Kingston Bible Trust, England, lists:
- Doctrine: The Sonship of Christ: Remarks on a pamphlet by A. J. Pollock entitled 'The Eternal Son': C. A. Coates.
- Letters of James Taylor (2 volumes). There are numerous references,
some of which are on MB. This set is temporarily out of print but, at
one time recently, KBT had some used sets available at no charge.
The Dover Bible Fund, Pennsylvania, lists:
- The Personal and Mediatorial Glory of the Son of God: C. A. Coates.
This is the same as (1) except that remarks of AJP are not included. It
was a great help to me as a young believer.
- Remarks on Eternal Sonship: C. A. Coates. This may be the same or
similar to (1).
- Letters : C. A. Coates. This has numerous references but the most
significant are already on MB. Also available from KBT.
Sadly the prestige of the ancient creeds weighs more heavily with most than the teaching of the Holy Scriptures.
- Dependence on the Spirit and a healthy mistrust of human conceptions, based on natural thinking, will lead to the conviction that
- our Lord's Sonship and, indeed, other relations in the present divine economy do not refer to pre-incarnate conditions.
Closely related to our Lord's Sonship is the truth of His Person and Manhood which is also generally misunderstood.
Keith, I trust the above may be of help in your studies into the
important and holy subject of our Lord's Sonship. I'll be glad to hear how you get on with your studies.
In our Lord Jesus, Gordon.
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MAJOR GROUPS OF BRETHREN IN THE UK
What are the Differences ? |
| Peter Stanbridge asks for clarification |
To: Peter Stanbridge
home_stanbridgeAThotmail.com
Stow on the Wold, Gloucestershire, England
Sat, 10 Aug 2002
Dear Peter,
Welcome to 'My Brethren'. I'm glad to learn that you have found MB interesting and plan to return.
Your confusion as to various groups of brethren is quite understandable, and I will attempt to clarify the situation.
- Of necessity, my answer may be somewhat lengthy. It will be posted on 'My Answer' as it may be of interest to others.
Some relevant points have already been touched on in Guests: My Answer 2: Some Groups Referred to on 'My Brethren' which should be reviewed.
As to "the differences between the various current major groups of brethren congregations in the UK":
1. 'Open' meetings – with which you have some familiarity from New Zealand – because of their independency and heterogeneous character may vary considerably in beliefs and practices from meeting to meeting.
- I gather that in the UK there is not quite the same polarization as in North America where there are two broad groups, the somewhat loose 'Chapels' and the 'tight' or rigid 'Gospel Halls'.
- In the UK I understand that some meetings of the 'chapel' variety adopted the term 'Evangelical Church' in the 1960-70's to dissociate themselves from the bad publicity generated by extremes among the 'Jims'
- who, despite the existence of other 'exclusive' groups, became known as the 'exclusive' brethren.
- For background see History: Early Contentions.
2. Most of the exclusive groups which developed from 1881 on – except those in 4 below – have over the years amalgamated in the 'reunited' group which first formed c. 1926.
- A rejection of the traditional position for wider fellowship and looser practices – which commenced in the Netherlands – resulted in a 1999 division which affected the 'reunited' group in the UK and world wide.
- There are now the two groups, the 'New Movement' and the 'Old Brethren'.
3. One exclusive group – originating in the UK but now mainly based in North America – rejected reunion, but in 1992 it divided into 'Perth' and 'Nepean'.
All the exclusives in 2 and 3 generally hold the same doctrines, but have refused further opening up of the truth as set out in much of the ministry featured on MB.
4. Brethren who, since 1890, continued in fellowship with J. B. Stoney, F. E. Raven, C. A. Coates, J. Taylor Sr., and others whose ministry is featured on MB,
- experienced spiritual growth and blessing as the truth was opened up over many years.
- Following the departure of JTSr in 1953, certain legal elements began to emerge and by 1959 had gained complete dominance.
- There was an appearance of righteousness and most, but not all, were deceived.
- For background see
- The situation was much the same as Paul predicted.
- "I know this, that there will come in amongst you after my departure grievous wolves, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves shall rise up men speaking perverted things to draw away the disciples after them", Acts 20: 28-30.
Some brethren, discerning what was happening, withdrew in the early 1960's.
- Others continued to 1970 until forced to withdraw by the outrageous events at Aberdeen.
- Those who remained in the legal system are commonly known as the 'Jims'.
Those who withdrew from the Jims in 1970 were known as 'Aberdeen'.
- They subsequently divided in 1982 into 2 groups known as 'Renton' and 'Strang', and there have been several subsequent divisions over points of practice.
- They all generally hold the same doctrines which had developed to 1959, reflected in the ministry on MB.
Those in Stow on the Wold to whom you refer are almost certainly connected with the Jims.
- I base this on your statements that "they do not use computers at all" and that they "seem to have a large and complex array of prohibitions"
- – both well known characteristics, which which other groups are not afflicted.
- I don't have current information but according to the 1963 'List of Meetings' in Great Britain there was indeed a meeting in Stow on the Wold, located at
- Well Lane, Park Road, Chipping Camden.
- If those you know meet at that address it would make their identity almost certain, as most of the meeting rooms were held in trust by supporters of the legal system.
- However, there is information that about 28 brethren in Stow on the Wold withdrew from the Jims in 1970, but they apparently had lost control of the meeting room.
The fact that you say "they are extremely welcoming and friendly to us as neighbours" seems out of character for the Jims.
- But, since the recent succession of Bruce David Hales, of Sydney, as their leader – following the death of his father John S. Hales – there have been numerous reports of relaxation of some rules.
- They apparently are attempting to woo back many of those excommunicated over the past 30 years.
- This more outgoing attitude, whatever the motive, would most likely extend to persons like yourselves.
In past years, before 1959, the brethren were always genuinely friendly and outgoing to others, including strangers.
- I found this as a young believer seeking the Lord's mind as to gathering, and experienced a real warm welcome into their homes, as well as to the meetings.
I trust the above will be of help to you, Peter, and look forward to your comments and, possible, discoveries as to Stow on the Wold.
In the Lord, Gordon.
From: Peter Stanbridge
Tue, 20 Aug, 2002
Dear Gordon,
Thank you very much for your reply. While I find it complicated, your explanations have helped me considerably.
I do not attend a Brethren church, but I was keen to understand it a bit more, but I do appreciate the obviously wonderful Christian spirit in your web-site and replies to my question,
- and I certainly understand where the Brethren fellowship is coming from in its love of obedience to scriptural teaching and the Lord.
Regards, Peter Stanbridge.
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GOVERNMENTAL CONSEQUENCES Sins after Conversion, Divorce etc. |
| Correspondence with W. Eugene Tucker
|
From: W. Eugene Tucker
tuckerweATsbcglobal.net
Tampa, Florida, USA
Thu, 26 Dec 2002
I want to give a brief personal background before I pose my inquiry.
I am 55 years old, have attended a local gospel hall since birth – 3d generation – accepted Jesus Christ as my Lord and Saviour at 16, married a saved woman – we were baptised the same night – at 19,
- began to exercise my gift in the assembly shortly thereafter, raised three children in the assembly, and served as one of several elders and preachers in the same assembly over 20 years.
Then, after my children left the home, I succumbed to my fleshly lusts and divorced my faithful wife.
- I then broke fellowship with the assembly because I knew I could no longer remain in fellowship.
- My wife remained in the assembly for a while, but when she felt the assembly grew cold towards her and no longer nourishing, she left to fellowship with a non-denominational church.
- However, the goodness of God – because I was still sinning and enjoying it – led me to repentance.
- By God's awesome grace, after 9 months I repented from my sin and reconciled my marriage.
- We remarried in the church where my wife currently attends. For unity sake – and to abate the guilt for divorcing – I often attended with her, but I was uncomfortable with many of the practices.
- During one of my visits to the hall where I was an elder, the oversight asked me to return "home".
- For many reasons – some I believe unscriptural – my wife believes she is now where she should be and has no intention to return to the gospel hall we attended for many years.
- I believe the non-denominational church my wife attends has many practices that do not pattern the early church in Acts and Paul's letters to the local churches. My wife dismisses these practices by saying there is no perfect place.
- It is hard for me to participate in services when I know things are out of order. For example, the manner and infrequency of breaking bread, the one spiritual leader – pastor, secular musicians, women activities.
- I feel led to return to the hall, but I don't want to create a schism in my home as to the place of worship. Hence my inquiry.
- Should I continue to fellowship at a place where many practices are not based in scriptures even though the preaching (and gospel) is solid or return home where I am comfortable?
To: W. Eugene Tucker
Thu, 02 Jan 2003
Dear Eugene,
As to your inquiry, my answer is not likely to be pleasing to you in any way.
- But you have asked and I can only answer according to details you have given and the light I have from the Scriptures.
I could not advise anyone to stay in a 'church' – even non-denominational – because of clericalism and other factors,
- but neither could I advise anyone to return to an 'open' meeting – whether gospel hall or chapel – no matter how "comfortable" that might be for them.
- If you have had opportunity to explore 'My Brethren' you will understand my reasons.
The following will help explain my position:
However it is not simply a question of whether to move or not. As I'm sure you know, the present situation is a result of your original separation from your wife.
- You are right to say "I don't want to create a schism in my home as to the place of worship".
- When you divorced your wife and left the gospel hall you say "My wife remained in the assembly for a while, but when she felt the assembly grew cold towards her and no longer nourishing, she left to fellowship with a non-denominational church".
- Although for different reasons, to use your word, she undoubtedly felt "uncomfortable" as well as deserted at the gospel hall.
Your reconciliation took place in her new circumstances. To return to the gospel hall without her would create a similar situation for her as when you first left her.
- She would appear deserted and would therefore no doubt be quite uncomfortable at the 'church'.
- I can't agree with your wife's lack of concern as to the 'church', but can understand that it would likely be very uncomfortable for her to return to the gospel hall with you.
- The 'oversight' may have invited you to return, but have they invited your wife and made things right with her?
- The fact is that your wife has been damaged and it appears that the reconciliation has not undone all the damage. This requires healing that only the Lord can give.
There is a further point to consider. It is a divine principle that "whatever a man shall sow, that also he shall reap", Galatians 6: 7.
- You, and your wife, are suffering the governmental consequences, of your earlier actions.
- Grace forgives, but it does not remove the governmental consequences.
- This applies not only to the difficulties in your marriage and your dilemma as to what to do, but also as to your personal position.
- Before you left the gospel hall you were engaged in preaching and as an 'elder'. But that situation has changed.
- The qualifications for an 'overseer' or 'elder' are set out in 1 Timothy 3: 1-7 and Titus 1: 5-9.
- It is clear that your conduct, taking place after your conversion and as a mature man, would disqualify you for such public service.
- Whether you or the 'oversight' would view it thus I do not know, but it is part of the governmental consequences of your action and "God is not mocked".
Your only recourse is to be before the Lord as to your wife, and with your wife as to fellowship. This may take time and will require mutual patience and understanding.
- But to move to satisfy your own feelings will doubtless cause a serious breach.
Eugene, I trust that you will carefully consider all of the above.
- Be assured of my deep and prayerful concern for you and your wife.
Your in our Lord, Gordon.
From: W. Eugene Tucker
Mon, 13 Jan, 2003
Greetings in the name of our Lord and Savour Jesus Christ:
Thanks for your Spirit-led response. I don't know what kind of response I was expecting; therefore, I am not disappointed with your response.
- I, however, was interested in your conclusion regarding "governmental consequences".
- Could you expound on that and discuss your understanding of the requirement that an elder "be blameless".
- It is chilling to think that I may not be able to function as an elder, even in a different local assembly of God's people.
With repect to your comment about patience and mutual understanding, my wife has suggested that we locate a neutral place to fellowship. Any thoughts on that plan to avoid a breach?
Again thank you for your counsel. Eugene
To: W. Eugene Tucker
Mon, 28 Jan, 2003
Dear Eugene,
It is encouraging that you received my previous reply in the spirit in which it was written. As to your further questions:
Governmental consequences are the results of some sin, or course of sin. As quoted before "whatever a man shall sow, that also he shall reap", Galatians 6: 7.
- God can and does forgive where there is repentance but this does not mean that He removes the consequences of sin.
- This is evident at the beginning of man's history. Adam and Eve were doubtless forgiven but there were consequences which remain to this day. Gen. 3: 16-19.
- David's sin was forgiven, but the child was to die and the sword would not never depart from David's house. 2 Samuel 12: 10-14.
- His last words show that David had accepted the governmental consequences of his sin and had not forgotten it. 2 Samuel 23: 5.
An elder is indeed to be "blameless" AV, or "irreproachable" JND.
- The qualifications of an overseer are set out in 1 Timothy 3. That letter deals with suitable conduct in "God's house", 3: 15.
- It is noticeable that Paul does not refer to God by the name 'Father' in that letter. He refers to "God" because is it the public position observable by "those without", 3: 7.
- He also refers to God as "the blessed and only Ruler", 6: 15. Overseers, or elders, represent rule in God's house and must be publicly qualified for that role.
- All the qualifications can be observed by others. Of course spiritual state underlies all, but the point is what can be seen. God must be rightly represented in His house.
"Irreproachable" means that the overseer must have such a public character that no public charge or complaint can be brought against him which would reflect on God or the holiness of His house.
- Anyone having a public record of sin – and such things as immoral conduct involving divorce, bankruptcy etc., are on public record – is disqulaified.
- A man may aspire to exercise oversight but his public record after conversion would debar him from such representation of "the blessed an only Ruler".
- This may be "chilling" but the record and effect of what has been done publicly remains but, of course, does not refer to our place in the body.
All this remains true even in this day when there are no apostles to appoint, or authorize the appointment of, elders.
- The bearing of another important factor is covered in Doctrine: The Public Ruin of the Church.
- This matter and its implications are denied or overlooked by all sectarian groups from Rome down, even by those who claim to be 'New Testament assemblies'.
Your wife has suggested that you "locate a neutral place to fellowship". I can quite understand this from her standpoint as it would probably avoid the embarrassment that would result from returning to your original meeting.
- Evidently she is ready to make some accommodation which in itself is good and I do sympathize with her. This is a decsion you must make for yourselves.
- However, I stand by the opening remarks in my previous reply which would also apply to what you might consider a "neutral place". My statement there was
- "I could not advise anyone to stay in a 'church' – even non-denominational – because of clericalism and other factors,
- "but neither could I advise anyone to return to an 'open' meeting – whether gospel hall or chapel – no matter how 'comfortable' that might be for them.
- "If you have had opportunity to explore 'My Brethren' you will understand my reasons".
We may and do approach matters from a different perspective and background, but I believe that prayerfully weighing the Scriptures will make clear God's viewpoint, which is the real issue.
- You readiness to look at all facets of your situation is encouraging and surely pleasing to God.
- As you have not requested privacy, our correpondence will be posted on 'My Answer 4' for the benefit of other guests.
Be assured of my continued interest in you and your wife. May you work things out together mutually and to God's glory. Feel free to write again if you wish.
In our Lord, Gordon.
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From: Max S. Weremchuk
Mon, 17 Mar 2003
Hi Gordon,
From the start of my research on the Darby biography to its completion in the late 1980's I was not an 'academic' in any sense of the word.
- I had no formal training. I didn't even have a high school diploma. Since then I have studied for and earned a doctorate in Greek Orthodox Theology – but that was much later and a different story.
- I did not have easy access to archives and material that others working in the academic field in one form or another had/have.
- My work definitely did not meet the accepted – professional – academic standards. My referencing and so on was sloppy. I made mistakes. For this I received severe criticism.
- Where this criticism was justified it was justified, and correction and improvement are certainly necessarily. I hope to have 'improved' somewhat for the second edition.
But justified criticism or not, I believe I have made an important observation.
- Many of those working in the 'Brethren' research field strive for quality in the presentation of their research – and that is good.
- But in the endeavour to be so correct, factual, indifferent almost, much appears so clinical and sterile.
- In the brave attempt to avoid all subjectivity and appearance of being tendentious the 'soul' is lost. We cannot write about living, breathing persons in this way.
When I read the accounts of the Brethren themselves, people who lived then, their letters, their diaries, it seems as if they are completely different people in comparison to the academic and scholarly works about them.
- We 'learned historians' write things like: 'So and so said this and that, but what he really meant, what really motivated him to say or do this was …'
- – and then comes some marvellous insight from our side. I wonder how right we are in doing this.
Of course criticism should be allowed, but somehow it seems as if, in contrast to them, we know it all so much better. I have my doubts.
Sure, we are in a position at this point in time to look back and recognise influences and interconnections.
- We believe we are much more objective because we are not emotionally involved. And of course this has its justification. But are we always so right?
- At times I have to wince at how some writers so offhandedly define someone or something in a sentence or two. So 'knowingly' so 'superior'.
- We may be in a better position today to see what was involved in certain issues in the past, but this can also mislead us.
- We tend to compartmentalise – it makes things easier. We speak of different periods like the Romantic Age and so on.
- Even if we confess to there being variety and exceptions and so on we believe, through the use of such terms, that we know what we're talking about.
- We place people into these 'periods' and believe we know what made them tick.
- But maybe they experienced, related to, judged their 'period', the time they lived in, completely different than we think we know.
Within my circle of friends and acquaintances there are some who are prominent personalities, i.e. have name and esteem in the – Christian – world.
- If someone should ever be so foolish to write anything about my life one day I can imagine this person making the mistake of trying to prove how these various persons influenced my doctrinal views and whatnot.
- They might, by chance, hit on a right connection here and there, but they'll probably be more wrong than right.
- I know this from experience already! The things that get attributed to one!!
- My friends are my friends, because they are my friends – not because they are prominent. The things they are known for in public and why they have a certain following play no role whatsoever in our relationship.
- More often than not we are of differing opinion on exactly those points others praise them for.
- I guess some people would react with: 'How can you disagree with so and so?! Are you more learned, more gifted, than he?'
- Well, I confess I have friends who are very much more gifted than I am. Nevertheless, my disagreeing with them is not influenced by their public position.
- We discuss things openly, honestly, easily, 'matter-of-factly – in a way that would shock the 'followers' of such a personality because my behaviour would seem to be too casual – not respectful enough.
- But as friends all this prestige and honour plays no role. As friends we are on a one-to-one basis.
- Often the reason the public is interested in a "famous" is not at all the reason why that person is my friend or I his.
Why this comparison? Because I believe that we can make the same mistake in regards to studying the lives of the early Brethren.
- Darby knew so-and-so and so-and-so. Newman, Newton knew so-and-so. These so-and-sos were famous for this or that. Conclusion? There must have been influences and so forth.
- Yes, there may well have been some, but I am beginning to think that it was a lot less than we are inclined to suppose
- – with obvious declared exceptions like F. W. Newman who wrote of his being deeply influenced by Darby for a while.
It is our distance in time and our making these – living – persons the subject of a 'study' that can mislead us.
- It is often exactly our wanting to be so objective and factual that causes us to present cardboard figures instead of 'lives'.
- We say: 'This person, this person and this person. He believed this, he taught that. He knew him. So it is obvious that …'
- Really that obvious? Are we maybe a touch too self-assured?
Religious movements do involve emotions and can be very, very subjective.
- Granted, past works on the Brethren were too 'spiritual' here and there, as if every thought, every action was only the result of God’s leading.
- And yet, most scholarly studies on the Brethren work like Higher Criticism – as if nothing was of God – as if the Holy Spirit did not work and move – as if everything was just the result of human thought and effort.
- Well meant perhaps, but often deluded. I cannot agree with this in the least.
- The 'facts' should remain 'facts' and care should be taken before accepting things from hearsay and so on,
- but the 'element' of the Spirit must not be neglected. It is the most important one!
- I am convinced that the Lord was working in the hearts and minds of the people in this Movement.
- This does not automatically make everything they did right. Often it wasn’t. Often they 'got it wrong'.
- But the Lord was working to give His Church something precious and we had better not side-step that consideration in the endeavour to be purely objective and factual.
What do you think? Yours in Christ, Max.
To: Max S. Weremchuk
Tue, 18 Mar 2003
Dear Max,
Thanks for sharing your 'thoughts'. I appreciate your confidence in doing so
- and am glad to be able to count you as a friend – even though, as you say, friends may not always agree completely.
- A common commitment to Christ, and mutual repect for each other as brethren, overcomes many differences that would only naturally alenate.
Without responding in detail to each point, I can say that I believe what you have expressed is right on the mark.
While you say you were "not an 'academic' in any sense of the word" this may have been an asset in presenting the man – the essence of any biography.
- For myself, as I wrote to Timothy Stunt, "Being an accountant by training, I possess no literary qualifications. However the accounting disciplines of accuracy, order and clarity – and the concepts of layout and presentation gained in my years in the printing industry – have proved useful".
- But if that is all I had 'My Brethren' would have been a failure rather than the somewhat modest success it appears to be as evidenced in the correspondence.
We should hold ourselves to the highest levels of sound research and writing excellence to which we can attain,
- but this should be completely subservient to the far more important task of presenting spiritual things by spiritual means.
What is needed in all service is the sense of Divine commission and personal approval.
- Your work on Mr. Darby, whatever shortcomings the 'professionals' may point out, is evidence that you have laboured under the Lord's hand.
- I have every expectation that your current labours will bear the same mark.
Certainly we have all been influenced in various ways and times by others.
- But while that might have been under the Spirit's direction, it may in many instances have only been human influence – so obnoxious in any matters relating to God's operations.
- The speculations of biographers and historians alike may often only be the result of feeling a neccesity to parade their learning.
There is no doubt in my mind that the prime influence in all men of God throughout the ages has been
- the direct influence of Christ by the Spirit, and
- secondarily through the lives of godly persons.
- Without quoting, both the Old and New Testament scriptures bear abundant witness to this.
Rather than explore human influence it is wisest, as I believe it is your aim,
- to concentrate on the development of spiritual growth and its manifestations in the lives of those who have gone before.
It is my conviction that what has come to light – in teaching, practice and personal living – in the so-called 'brethren' movement, despite failures,
- points the way to revival of first love for Christ.
Thanks again for sharing. I trust that it will stimulate and encourage other guests of 'My Brethren'.
Affectionately in our Lord Jesus, Gordon.
From: Max S. Weremchuk
Wed, 19 Mar 2003
Hi Gordon,
thank you very much for your most kind email. Mails like that are very encouraging!
- I am also very happy to be able to call you friend. It is something of great value (and not always a given among brothers in Christ – sad to say) and which I take very seriously.
Yours in our Lord, Max.
From: Max S. Weremchuk
Thu, 20 Mar 2003
Hi Gordon,
I thought this excerpt from a letter of mine to someone else might interest you as well:
What you write of the Irish situation is interesting and I am proceeding along similar lines, also as to the situation in London – but I want to be careful here, for the reasons I mentioned in my letter to Gordon.
- Actually I feel I can place myself – mentally – in the situation back then a bit.
- I have a friend here, an older gentleman, who is a pastor from the State Church. He perfectly fits the Rev. Robert Daly role. There are other similarities with other Christians to the Irish situation in the 1820s'.
- This is very interesting and helps get a feel for how some things might have been.
- Yes, I realise the dangers of getting a wrong impression through this application, but it is definitely an advantage over against being an 'armchair detective' type of thing.
- Interaction with living and breathing people in similar clerical positions and attitudes – to some extent – as back then makes for a better understanding of the human element and how we humans 'function' and react.
- So, I profit from assessments of works dealing with the 'Irish Church in 1820's' or the 'so-and-so Movement', but remain critical of conclusions drawn by most authors of such works.
- On the man-to-man basis things look completely different. It is like viewing a town from the air. It is the same area, involves the same people, can be thrilling to see from that perspective –
- but can't compare to the real life, the hustle and bustle, the hopes and despairs, going on in the houses and streets.
- I want to get into that view – not the aerial one, though I use it as well.
- From the air I think I have a good overview. I can clearly see someone leave a house and walk down the street. I can see, what this person can't, someone else coming from a side street who is going to bump into him as soon as he turns the corner.
- But do I know why he left the house? To go shopping? Because there was a fight and he's angry and wants to get some air? So many factors play a role.
- My saying: 'A collision of these two persons was inevitable' may be completely correct, but doesn't tell half of the story.
The more I read the lives and diaries of other personalities contemporary to Darby, or about schooling back then, family and social life, religious views, novels by people Jane Austen and so on and so on –
- the more I become aware of how we know next to nothing about Darby.
- His published writings are helpful when he makes allusions or comparisons. But then it's tricky business as to how much can really be applied to him.
- The collection of letters is not really much more helpful because of the selection and editing.
- From what I know about other personalities Darby's picture is very incomplete. There are huge missing gaps. White areas of unexplored territory.
This is complicated by his being a very complex character himself. There are so many things which appear to be contradictions.
- On the one hand we have the accounts of the evangelistic work being done in Wicklow, of hundreds of converts.
- We have the letter from Darby's parishioners to him on his leaving.
- Even after taking into consideration that some phrases may be just politeness or similar it does speak of a work of God in their souls.
- And yet Darby, when describing the time, says:
- "It was not the details of the sacramental and priestly system which drove me from the Establishment, deadly as they are in their nature. It was that I was looking for the body of Christ – which was not there, but in all the parish perhaps not one converted person".
- What? This doesn't fit. Of course there are explanations, but this is just one example of how complicated things can become.
To: Max S. Weremchuk
Fom: Jeff Kuns
Wed, 2 Apr 2003
Dear brother,
I've actually been wanting to let you know for some time that I was encouraged by the last edition of JND's bio,
- but I also feel very much in sympathy with your present efforts at a revision –
- especially the way which you want to portray him, if I understand your expression, "The man is missing".
- I might add, regarding some of what I have heard is that "a man of like passions to us" may be missing as well.
I have been feeling that perceptions of one's brethren, perceptions of the apostles, even our Lord seem so often to lack in the dimension of natural affection and therefore tend to be un-real.
- I think it will be helpful to knock over some perceptions and/or pretensions which are more religious than real brotherly affection.
- Gordon shared a few things you had given to him and I had got the sense from reading some of your papers that you would certainly apply personal feeling to your project.
- So, I am looking forward to it's completion and thought I'd let you know.
Yours in our Lord Jesus, Jeff.
From: Max S. Weremchuk
To: Jeff Kuns
Thu, 3 Apr 2003
Thank you very much for your kind email! I was very happy to receive it.
Almost every second day new leads turn up for which I am very thankful. (Sad to say, in some cases my limited financial means prevent me from following all leads up, but some librarians and archivists are very helpful.)
My 'Darby picture' is becoming clearer. I wonder if some saints can even imagine him as a boy and young man.
- I guess most would think that is not necessary, tending to 'idol worship' like a movie star – main thing is his teaching!
- Well, I don't think you can really separate the two, i.e. the man and his teaching.
- Back in the 80's I more-or-less had the Darby picture most serious Brethren have. But it was an icon, not the real person.
- I have naturally committed the personal heresy Lewis and Tolkien were so much against, viz. thinking the more you know about the author the better you can understand his work. :-)
- Darby's teaching is well known, in the main. Any one who really wants to know can. He simply has to read.
- But the man, the person, the character? Well, the usual published stuff does not deliver that.
- I had always imagined Darby as so other worldly, not in the least sentimental and all that. But seeing what he kept for 60 years and more on personal items I realize: Hey! he is like you or me.
- A deeply spiritual man, but one just as human as the rest with hopes and fears and joys and painful, bitter-sweet memories.
- If the Lord grants me to be able to give that further in some way I would be very thankful.
I value your prayers in this endeavour.
In our Lord, Max.
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| ONE - CITY - ONE - CHURCH |
Glenn Haman says "I am doing research on the principle of the ground of the local church. Watchman Nee taught the one-city-one-church principle and practiced it in China.I was recently told that he got this teaching from the Exclusive Brethren. However, in his book, 'Orthodoxy of the Church' he pointed out that this teaching did not come from the Brethren. If you can help me please send info".
Compare: Guests: My Answer 3: One Leader.
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Dear Glenn,
It is impossible to give a brief definitive answer, especially in view of WN's denial, but let me share what I understand.
- My reply may seem overlong for what appears to be a simple question, but it is well worthwhile – to me at least –to examine the matter thoroughly.
A review of the Acts and Paul's epistles will show that
- in referring to a region or province – Judea, Galatia etc. – the plural 'churches' or 'assemblies' is always used;
- in referring to a city the singular 'church' or 'assembly' is always used.
- This can be confirmed by any concordance.
There are no explicit references to the number of gatherings in a city but there were clearly
- many in Jerusalem where there "the number of the men had become about five thousand", Acts 4: 4.
This is confirmed by the fact that Peter "came to the house of Mary, mother of John, where were many gathered together and praying … And he went out and went to another place", Acts 12: 12-18.
- At Corinth the Lord tells Paul "I have much people in this city", Acts 18: 10.
Evidently they came "together in assembly", 1 Cor. 11: 17 – probably in smaller groups – although not properly understanding the Lord's supper.
But for edification Paul says "If therefore the whole assembly come together in one place", 1 Cor. 14; 23.
- Paul addressed himself "to all that are in Rome", Romans 1: 7 although taking account of several gatherings in that city – Romans 16: 3-15.
- Paul exhorts the elders of Ephesus to care for "all the flock" – not a part of it – in that city.
- From the above it can be fairly deduced that no matter how many gatherings there were in a city, there was only one assembly including all the saints.
- Paul's teaching as to one body in Romans 12 and 1 Corinthians 12 also bears on the matter, not allowing for any independency.
Although the unity of the local assembly is generally ignored or unknown in christendom, the above scriptures would convince any serious inquirer of its importance.
- That it cannot be worked out fully because of the divided state of the public church is no excuse for not acting the principle as far as possible.
It is quite possible that WN would have come to the same conclusion as suggested above from his study of the Scriptures.
- In view of the fact that, as you say, "he pointed out that this teaching did not come from the Brethren" a good basis for questioning him is needed.
- You do not say who told you – or on what authority – he did get it from the exclusives.
However, there is a possibilty that he at least was influenced by what he may have learned from his brief contact with the brethren – or by reading their ministry.
- This may be so even though he moved on independent lines himself.
The need for the practical expression of unity among saints in a city was a concern among the brethren as early as 1838, just ten years after they first began in Dublin.
- The early concern related particularly to unity in administration.
- However over the years – and as travelling in larger cities became easier – it also found increasing expression in gatherings for edification.
- The breaking of bread and preaching on the Lord's Day, and week night prayer and reading of the Scriptures, always took place in various parts of the citty, sometimes called 'subdivisions'.
- But over time there were also regular occasions for central or 'city' readings of the Scriptures on the Lord's Day, and week night 'city' readings and prophetic ministry meetings, as well as monthly care meetings,
- of "the whole assembly come together in one place", 1 Corinthians 14: 23.
The expression of unity and oneness was not restricted to the meetings.
- Visiting and having company for dinner – especially on the Lord's Day – was an integral and vital part of life among the brethren.
I have no experience of the practice of "one-city-one-church" by WN and his followers and so do not know whether it goes beyond an outward formality
- or whether it has the same features as the recognition of one assembly in a city among the brethren.
Lest there be any misunderstanding, I should clarify that use of the word 'assembly' does not imply any special status for the brethren – or pretension to alone be the assembly –
- and does not exclude any of the saints who might gather otherwise or who are in the various 'churches'.
I trust that the above has not wearied you and may be of some interest and value.
- It would be good to hear further from you, as to your own background and the reason for your research.
In our Lord, Gordon.
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DISPENSATION
Dispensational Pre-Tribulation Rapture |
John Shinn asks for an explanation of 'dispensational' as used in the phrase 'dispensational pre-tribulation rapture'.
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To: John Shinn
Thu, 24 Jul 2003
Dear John,
The word 'dispensation' is used to refer to particular periods of time in which God, in His sovereign ways, has put men on trial in view of reaching His final great purpose in Christ.
- In different and successive dispensations God has used various means to deal with all men in general, or with Abraham's seed in particular, e.g., the light of creation, promises, covenants, law, presentation of the Messiah.
- Depending on one's viewpoint, Mr. J. N. Darby is usually credited with discovering – or blamed for concocting – the Scriptural evidence of God's dispensational dealings through the ages.
- 'Evangelical' scholars have been particularly influenced by his insights, and many have developed elaborate and somewhat differing dispensational schemes.
- They have also over-emphasized JND's teaching as to the 'pre-tribulation rapture' to the detriment of His appearing. See Doctrine: The Lord's Coming.
- Most mainline denominations reject the 'pre-tribulation rapture' as well as the concept of dispensations – holding to views which confuse Israel and the Church.
- I suspect that 'dispensationalist pre-tribulation rapture' is used by those promoting the mainline views in an attempt to discredit the teaching of the rapture by use of – what is to them – a pejorative label, i.e., 'dispensationalist'.
To be clear, 'My Brethren' accepts and supports the teaching as to dispensations and the pre-tribulation rapture by JND and his co-labourers, both contemporary and more recent.
I trust this helps, John, and look forward to your comments.
In the Lord, Gordon.
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EB's ATTEMPT TO CONTACT SOME PERSONS THEY HAVE REJECTED FOR OVER 30 YEARS |
See the email from Lana Guy who asks for an explanation. She writes as to her step dad's family, "Why now? … They want to meet us now after my Dad has been kicked out of the family for 30 years and they cannot really associate with us or have a family meal together? … Why is my 14 year old brother saying to me, 'Why won't my Grandparents talk to me? What did I do?' Is this right?" |
Wed, 01 Oct 2003
Dear Lana,
Thanks you for writing. You are courageous and wise to seek for an explanation of the family situation you describe.
First, let me clarify a few matters. We live in Toronto and are 74 years old.
- My wife, Betty, who is the third generation of her family among brethren, and I have not been connected for over 30 years with the group you know as 'brethren' – a name of which their practices make them unworthy.
The 'brethren movement' began in 1827 when some Christians left the denominational churches so that they could meet together, without the need of a clergyman, for the Lord's Supper.
- Despite this they were well respected by many other Christians for their devotedness, zeal in the gospel and love and knowledge of the Scriptures.
- This continued up till 1953 when a beloved leader and teacher died.
A few years later another person gained a dominance and introduced legal and Pharisaical doctrines which continue to cause much damage and sorrow.
Among other sad matters, this legal and unscriptural teaching resulted in the break up of families, husbands and wives separated, parents and children separated and prohibited eating with any not in that group.
- You may ask why any would submit to this. The answer is fear – fear of excommunication which,
- because of the close relations among brethren, would mean loss of families, friends and also financial difficulties for those who were employed by others or in business partnership together.
- This fear caused some to expel from their homes teen age children who had not committed themselves. A younger cousin of my wife and one of her nephews was treated in this cruel fashion which had never been known among brethren prior to 1953.
Recently a new 'universal' leader has ordered that attempts should be made to recover persons who had been wrongly excommunicated or children who had been expelled.
- What the motives behind this are difficult to say. But who could trust a system that wrongly expelled so many persons and refused any contact for 30 years or more?
- Persons in many countries have been contacted by family members after many years.
- We have a friend who is 85 years old and in a nursing home. He and his now departed wife pleaded to be received back for years but were refused.
- Now, because of this new order, his family wants him to go and live with them and return to their group. He is wise enought to refuse. In any case, they could not attend properly to his many physical needs.
I'm not sure whether this answers all your questions but I hope it will help you explain the situation to you brother who has certainly not done anything wrong.
- His grandparents may well have really wanted to see him but the fear I have described would have prevented them. Such are more to be pitied than blamed.
This web site was started with the hope of helping some who had suffered from the legal system introduced in 1959.
- We attempt to set out the early and good teaching and practice of those rightly called 'brethren'.
I feel deeply with you the hurt that you and your family have suffered and are suffering. Contact now, as enticing as it may be, will only eventually lead to more sorrow.
- To join with that group would mean putting yourselves under a bondage to many manmade rules.
As you say, I believe that you "are not bad people", but even 'good' people need a Saviour.
If you need any clarification or any more information don't hesitate to write.
May the Lord bless you and your family with His comfort and His salvation.
Sincerely, Gordon Rainbow.
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| IS BAPTISM NECESSARY TO BE CONSIDERED A CHRISTIAN? |
| A reply to an interesting question from William M. Willcox.
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Mon, 15 March 2004
Dear William,
Welcome to 'My Brethren'. We appreciate your confidence in asking the question:
- "My wife would like to know if she must be baptised to be considered a Christian".
Not knowing the background of you and your wife, some preliminary remarks may be in order.
- It's important to distinguish what the Scriptures indicate from what may be generally accepted in christendom.
- For example some groups, notably the 'Salvation Army' and the 'Friends', reject baptism, and the Lord's supper, but are generally considered by others to be 'Christian'.
- Some groups, notably those who hold 'believer's baptism' may not even recognize 'adult baptism' by certain other groups as valid, and particularly reject 'household baptism' and 'infant baptism' and any baptism not by 'immersion'.
- Such groups insist on 're-baptism' by themselves for a person to be considered a 'member'.
- None of the above reflect the Scriptural position on baptism.
In addition to the Lord's own command, in Matthew 28: 18-20 and Mark 16: 15-16,
- baptism is mentioned in the Acts particularly at important points in the progress of the gospel:
- Pentecost Acts 2, Samaria Acts 8, Cornelius Acts 10, Lydia Acts 16, John's disciples Acts 19 and, of course Paul Acts 9 and 22.
- Each of these occasions indicates a change of position, identification with the rejected Christ and coming on to 'Christian ground'.
- Then too, the exhortations of Romans 6 and Colossians 2 and 3 are based on having been baptized; their value would be lost to any not baptized.
Therefore I am convinced that, to be recognized as a 'Christian' based on the Scriptures, it is necesary for a person to be baptized.
- The whole question of 'What Baptism Is And Who Should Be Baptized' is thoroughly gone into in two excellent articles in Doctrine: Baptism,
- and I suggest you and your wife review these articles and the scriptures mentioned there.
- I hope to hear from you afterwards.
Yours in the Lord, Gordon.
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WILL THE SPIRIT EVER LEAD ANYONE TO LOOK AT HIMSELF OR HIS WORK? |
Daniel Soukoreff writes,"I would appreciate your thoughts on this comment of CHM forwarded to me by Heino Promm. My first thought was that the picture in Genesis 24 did suggest that after Christ has His place then the Spirit would be
honoured in His place. 'I will not eat until I have made know my business' ".
Heino Promm wrote: "When the comforter is come" – Read John 16:7-15 :
"When the comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, He shall testify of Me", John 15: 26. "Howbeit when He, the Spirit of truth, is come, He will guide you into all truth; for He shall not speak of Himself; but whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak; and He will show you things to come. He shall glorify Me; for He shall received of Mine and show it unto you. All things that the Father hath are Mine; therefore said I, that He shall take of Mine and shall show it unto you.", John 16: 13-15.
"The coincidence of these words with the testimony of Abraham's servant is instructive and interesting. It was by telling of Isaac that he sought to attract the heart of Rebekah; and it is, as we know, by telling of Jesus, that the Holy Ghost seeks to draw poor sinners away from a world of sin and folly, into the blessed and holy unity of the body of Christ. 'He shall take of Mine and show it unto you'. The Spirit of God will never lead any one to look at Himself or His work, but only and always at Christ. Hence, the more really spiritual any one is, the more entirely will he be occupied with Christ". C. H. Mackintosh. |
Fri, 8 Jul, 2005
Dear Daniel,
We respect CHM but it seems that his thoughts were based on the KJV which is unclear.
- While the Spirit's primary service is to glorify Christ, "he shall not speak of himself", John 16: 13, does not mean that He never speaks 'about' Himself but, as JND puts it, "from" Himself.
- Other more recent versions support JND's translation: NASB says "on His own initiative"; NIV says "on His own"; NKJV says "on His own [authority]".
In fact the Spirit does speak of [or about] Himself and His service in Romans 8: 1-27, 1 Corinthians 3: 9-16, throughout the early part of Acts and many other passages.
- Of course the Spirit also speaks extensively of the Father throughout the epistles.
This all shows the importance of weighing all the relevant scriptures, 2 Peter 1: 20. I learned many years ago that a false argument proves too much and therefore proves nothing.
See the following:
Guests: My Answer 1: "To Whom do you Pray?";
Doctrine: Addressing the Holy Spirit;
Ministry: J. Taylor 4: The Spirit as Seen Objectively in the Book of Acts.
I hope this is of help. In our Lord Jesus, Gordon.
Fri, 8 Jul, 2005
Dear Gordon,
These are helpful comments especially as to what you mention of the Spirit's speaking of Himself and His service.
Frankly one of the challenges these last years has been a lack of older brothers to talk over the scriptures with, so thanks again, Daniel.
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MATTHEW 18: 20 TRANSLATION and APPLICATION |
The following question was received April 14, 2010 by hand from a resident of Bethany Manor, our home since April 2005.
See also My Stand 3: Matthew 18: 20 |
Some brethren like to say "Gathered TO the name of the Lord Jesus Christ" rather than "Gathered IN the name of the Lord Jesus" as we have it in Matthew 18: 20.
- I am not aware of any New Testament Scripture which would warrant such a change in language. What do you think? I will appreciate your thoughts on this.
PS I am quite familiar with the words of Psalm 50: 5 – "gather my saints together unto me; those that have a covenant with me by sacrifice". That is Old Testament and has nothing to do with the New Testament church or remembering the Lord.
Your question may seem to only require a simple answer, but here are several points to consider.
1. Translation: The majority of English translations follow the AV and say: "in my name". It may seem to read better, but it is not literal, and indeed misleading. (Compare Matthew 28: 19.)
- Three literal translations are;
- Darby Translation - "unto my name".
- Amplified Bible - "in (into) My name".
- Young's Literal - "to my name".
- "Unto" is best used as it directs to His name as a gathering point. "In" suggests authority which is not the point. The authority comes from the presence of the Lord and only He can decide whether the gathering is such as to warrant His presence.
- (Psalm 50: 5 has typical significance.)
2. Application: There is no warrant for the use of the phrases you quoted as they are on some ['open'] meeting room notice boards.
- Matthew 18: 20 does not refer to an ecclesiastical position of persons who are not gathered at the time, but to a gathering for possible discipline or prayer, and is not specially connected with "remembering the Lord".
3. "My Name": His name is not 'Lord Jesus Christ', although
- Referring to Himself by name, He says,
These considerations may be of interest to you. I will be glad to discuss if you wish,
Gordon.
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